Shot noise typically has a greater effect on your photos, but digital noise is the reason why a lens-cap photo isn’t completely black. . You can learn more about A, C and Z frequency weightings here. Here, it helps to cut down on the noise when photographing the night sky over long exposures. You can check if this is a problem on your camera by comparing a long exposure shot with the lens cap on when shining light onto the viewfinder and another shot with the viewfinder covered. Before we reduce the noise in our image, we need to understand the difference between Luminance Noise and Color Noise. It usually occurs when you take low light photos (such as night photos or indoor dark scenes) or you use very slow shutter speeds or very high sensitivity modes. Working around obstacles like noise, motion blur, depth of field, and overexposure are all elements that teach us new things about the craft. We will also explain the connection between things like your camera’s ISO and the amount of noise in your photos. The listener listens. Seems the author has not advanced much beyond the tale in the opening pre-amble! The mathematical limits for noise removal are set by information theory , namely the Nyquist–Shannon sampling theorem . Some images have too much noise (a common problem with HDR) in general. Noise reduction is still a useful tool. Assuming you were at 50mm or wider, and your subjects were fairly still, you could have probably held 1/60th sec without VR and 1/15th with. They can have also different light leek of flare which will add undesirable signal with the noise (photon noise) that comes with it. Doing this would require a correspondingly slower shutter speed in both cameras: t = 1/250 × 5652/64 ≈ 0.353 seconds (circa one third of a second). Chroma Noise - colored blotched type of noise. Both cameras (D850, D810) were set to center-weight metering. Continuous noise In modern CMOS sensors (Sony Exmor type sensors excluded), on-die CDS circuitry is often a culprit for introducing banding noise at lower ISO settings (ISO 100 through maybe 800) in the deep shadows. Z6ii vs. Z7ii which has better tonal gradation? Although you can attempt to reduce noise in other parts of the HDR process, you have the most control over where, how, and how much to remove in post-tone mapping editing. Principal sources of Gaussian noise in digital images arise during acquisition. Taken a couple of months ago while explo, A portal to our Galaxy. But I didn’t have my tripod with me, and it was well after sunset. Three Types of Image Noise The main types of image noise are random noise, fixed pattern noise, and banding noise. Digital noise, or electronic noise, is randomness caused by your camera sensor and internal electronics, which introduce imperfections to an image. My husband and I were at opposite ends of a sofa, which means about six feet away from one another. For general purpose photography, though, the performance of FX, DX, Micro Four Thirds, even CX format is superb. In digital imaging the noise is slightly more well defined than in film photography. Which is about as useful as saying that a bus is better than a car, an airplane is better than a bus, a cargo ship is better than an airplane — true if we need to transport thousands of tonnes of cargo; the complete opposite of the truth for two people going on a picnic. Not that we always capture proper/optimal exposure, of course, or that it’s always worth the time investment to do so – but that capturing as much light as possible via ETTR is the way to get the most detail in an image and drown out noise with legitimate information. There are three types of noise; random noise, fixed pattern noise, and banding noise. Chromatic noise affects colors. In some cases, photos can be so noisy that they are essentially unusable. the different techniques you can use to reduce it. However, I like it the challenge so let’s hope it is not made too easy. It’s the signal-to-noise ratio. This kind of noise is random noise that corresponds to photons. Before you quit photography in exasperation, remember: What matters for image quality is not the actual amount of noise. Photography Tips Get photography tips fit for beginners, students or professionals looking for inspiration. You speak. Those settings are indeed quite odd for normal work. A large format digital sensor would be prohibitively expensive due to the low yield of such a large silicon wafer, and due to the low sales volume of such a device. Don’t be fooled. But now I wonder (I especially wonder at the 6400 ISO setting), but I also wonder if I was using the wrong lenses. In photography, noise refers to irregular grainy spots that you see in images rendering the details of the image less sharp. Both shot noise and digital noise are important in digital photography. In other words, the large format ISO 64 is equivalent to 6.5 EV above the exposure of a FX camera that has a base ISO of 100. Anyone who tells you to use a lower ISO to reduce noise is oversimplifying things. I have been concluding that perhaps we were sitting too close together for such big lenses, even though I was shooting pretty wide. “if can be very beneficial to use dark-frame subtraction noise reduction to cancel image sensor noise”. My settings were correct as far as it went, with possibly the wrong choice for ISO. Click here to find out more. Let’s deal with how you can get less noise in your images first. This means that your signal-to-noise ratio won’t be very good. My living room is a large sunny room painted a light blue, with three large windows with white lace curtains on them, which makes the room sunny and bright. . I’ll emphasize here that it’s a good thing for your camera to reduce electronic noise at higher ISOs. However, if pixels constantly appear on your images or LCD screen, even in daytime images and at a low ISO, you should contact the manufacturer, as it may be due to a defect. A stack of 35 five-minute exposures, equaling 175 minutes of total exposure, has more signal and a vastly improved signal-to-noise ratio. Noise reduction, the recovery of the original signal from the noise-corrupted one, is a very common goal in the design of signal processing systems, especially filters. One of the major advantages of fiber optic cables over metal cables is that they are much less susceptible to noise. Noise: This is one of the worst enemies of the night photographer. The way it affects it may be surprising, at first, but it makes sense after some thought: For typical cameras at normal settings, raising your ISO will lower the amount of electronic noise. The larger aperture the more light you collect also the transmission of the glass play a role but there is not that much difference in between two zooms of the same brand. Consider a situation where you don’t capture enough light in the field, and the noise in an image overpowers the signal – the actual information. If we use, say, a bitingly sharp 400 mm FX lens at f/8 using the above method, then we’ve emulated the following hypothetical FX camera system: focal length circa 50 mm f-number circa f/1.2, diffraction limited rather than aberration limited! In digital photography noise is typically associated with the mottled image we get when taking shots in the low light with a high ISO. And it appears as colored flecks. There are a couple of observations I’d like to make which I don’t think have been mentioned previously here. I get a lot of unexpected surprises with the 850. The common types of are: II.1: Salt Pepper Noise: Salt and pepper noise is an impulse type of noise. Thank you for adding this link. When you say ‘ambient light’ do you mean sunlight coming in from outside, or interior lights? Using a luminous exposure that is correct for ISO 100 is: 1 EV underexposed for ISO 50; 2 EV underexposed for ISO 25; etc. There are two broad types of noise in your photographs: shot noise and digital noise. Shot noise, or photon noise, is randomness due to photons in the scene you are photographing, which are discreet and random. Image noise comes from a variety of sources, as we will soon discover. image size circa 1.4 gigapixels ISO circa 1, or ISO 100 ETTR +6.5 EV. If ISO 6400 has too much noise for your taste but ISO 3200 looks good, then ISO 3200 is your camera’s maximum acceptable ISO value. That day I didn’t want to turn on any lamps, but I still wonder why I chose ISO 6400 on the one camera. Having a firm grasp of these two types of noise will help you understand how your image will be affected by the adjustments made. The area ratio of the large format to the small format is 254×203.2:36×24 ≈ 60:1 therefore we will need to capture a grid array of at least 60 images from the scene then stitch them together. Less data means relatively more noise per unit of data and hence more noise. In this case, you can see the random pixels very easily just by brightening the image in Lightroom or Photoshop. Any type of outdoor photography relies heavily on the available light. That’s why we raise ISO in camera rather than shooting at base ISO and brightening everything in post-processing – you get an image quality boost that way, since electronic noise is lower. The binary image as … It’s equivalent to hundreds of megapixels, if not circa one gigapixel. Start with the basics. Since 2016 we've helped over 2,000 people improve their photography - you could be next! Pete, this a very interesting comment regarding the large finest camera. Using noise reduction algorithms will reduce the apparent noise in your photo, but it also harms legitimate details and makes them less sharp. Matt, The quantum efficiency of film is much lower than a modern digital sensor, which offsets some of the extra 6.5 EV. I used my nikkor 28-300 at f/3.5, 1/100 – 250, ISO 2500 and varying focal lengths roughly around 35mm, plus my nikkor 24-120 at f/4, 1/100 – 250, ISO 6400 and also varying focal lengths roughly from 28-35mm. I certainly won’t try to summarize any of the information available there, but I do recommend it if you are interested in digging a little deeper. It’s all about capturing more actual signal so that you can overpower the backdrop of noise that will always be present. For example, I shot my Christmas pictures in my south facing living room with light blue walls and plenty of ambient light. Its sensor is very much more sensitive in many ways that the D810’s sensor. This picture was taken during one of the most spec, The scar. The end result, when using a 24 megapixel FX camera, is a 1.4 gigapixel image of the scene. ISO has no effect whatsoever on shot noise. Digital noise comes in two types: color, or chroma, noise and luminance noise. For example, when you zoom into an area of the image, Color Noise is the little flecks of different colors in that area. Conversely, this technique has an advantage when shallow depth of field is required. This is type of noise is most often associated with digital photography. I’m just not sure how to measure the amount of noise your photo has. The more light, the better to quality. Having a firm grasp of these two types of noise will help you understand how your image will be affected by the adjustments made. The best Noise reduction software is DXO Optics pro Prime. Newborn Photography Lifestyle newborn sessions – Are a bit more casual approach to this type photography. Photography and Camera News, Reviews, and Inspiration. Using a higher ISO will reduce the “amount” of noise. Well it never dawned on me that a camera would get louder with a higher ISO (International Organization for Standards) number, so I’m ahead of you there, but it also never occurred to me that the problem had anything to with photon randomness or signal to noise ratios, so this is news to me. Here’s where considering only the noise performance when discussing high ISOs is not sufficient. Digital noise can appear in one of two types; color noise, and luminance noise. s ISO above the limit. I tested this theory by taking two photos at different ISO values, and – I could have sworn it! The figure below compares two images with different levels of noise. Although the 28-300 was never considered a pro-level lens because of the inevitable compromises such a zoom range requires, on a straightforward indoor family picture it is perfectly adequate, unless your aim was to produce a wall sized poster from the output (?!). The challenge is part of the fun. re trying to capture an animal in motion and you have to raise the ISO in order to shorten the shutter speed. Digital Photography; Types of Photography; Reduce Noise in HDR Images with Multiple Layers; Reduce Noise in HDR Images with Multiple Layers . With too little light, your photo will be too dark. Types of Noise. Digital cameras produce three common types of noise: random noise, "fixed pattern" noise, and banding noise. Images taken at high ISOs have a lot of noise, so it’s best to use the lowest ISO you can for the amount of light in the scene. Back then the artifact your describing was called “grain”, which I still think is a better description of the final outcome, and higher ASAs came with much more grain. When most people talk about noise in digital photography, they tend to think of night photography. However, it can be very noticeable when using ND filters if the viewfinder is left exposed to the light. Is that right ? sorry, I get too excited with my answer. Getting started in the world of digital photography today can seem overwhelming. en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/View_camera. When noise has been measured in this way, you’ll see dB(A). Hi, I was wondering if there was a way you can measure the amount of ‘noise’ your photo has? This is known as noise. If ISO 6400 has too much noise for your taste but ISO 3200 looks good, then ISO 3200 is your camera’s maximum acceptable ISO value. Perhaps, it is worth saying a bit more about noise in digital photography, because I don’t want to leave you with the impression that the only type of noise is the counting noise that we have been discussing. In simple words, Noise is the visual distortion of the photo. Banding noise is most visible at high ISO speeds and in the shadows, or when an image has been excessively brightened. In layman’s terms, what does your first paragraph mean between the 8×10 large format camera vs the much smaller FX camera in terms of exposure? I remeber thinking about that, too. However some people call it fix noise or pattern noise and camera maker call it long exposure noise reduction. What matters here is simply the ratio. Read more High ISO is just a symptom of the underlying malaise. These are pixels that do not represent the correct colour or exposure of the scene and can make the image look awkward. To understand noise reduction techniques, we need to also understand types of noise. […] More light shone in from the dining room, same color and curtains, no lamps were on. He has a very thorough and sometimes overwhelmingly scientific discussion on sensors, pixels, ISO, exposure etc. But signal-to-noise ratio is what really matters for image quality, which is why photographers don’t go around shooting everything at ISO 12,800 all the time. Despite technological advances, colour fidelity and contrast suffers greatly for all sensors above ISO 1600 especially when the subject is not directly lit. If you have the time to adjust, ETTR is the way to go. Too little: If you’re not firm enough, you’ll […] Types of Noise. Although you can attempt to reduce noise in other parts of the HDR process, you have the most control over where, how, and how much to remove in post-tone mapping editing. I wish Nikon would think about producing a pancake lens like Canon’s 40 and 24mm that you can leave on the body for rapid deployment. Yes! Raise your ISO to reduce digital noise (preferable), or brighten the photo via post-processing software (not as good – unless you’re at an invariant ISO setting). Our faces looked very blemished, almost dirty (they weren’t), nearly rendering the pictures unusable unless I used the most noise reduction I could get away with without looking fake. Would a different lens altogether have given me better results, or was it indeed my settings that were the problem? How to reduce noise in Lightroom – Best techniques and plugins, How to reduce noise in Photoshop – Best techniques and plugins, How to photograph the Milky Way and the Galactic Center. It is composed of color variances of pixels that are incorrect in these solid areas. There have been many models and diagrams of communication throughout the years, but here it is in its simplest form. Luminance Noise - grain, film like noise. Another source of ‘noise’ on a DSLR is light entering through the viewfinder. This explains why long exposure times are required when using large format cameras. Digital noise in photos taken with digital cameras is random pixels scattered all over the photo. In the days of chemical film photography the ‘grain’ was sometimes considered to to impart a charming or quaint character to the image. TYPES OF NOISE. Without dating myself too much (that my be impossible) I come from the film side of the equation and have used Kodachrome with an ASA (American Standards Association) of 10, i.e., bright light pictures only. Normally, I would never use those settings for a landscape photo. – the camera’s shutter was significantly louder at the higher ISO. of noise. The sensor has inherent noise due to the level of illumination and its own temperature, and the electronic circuits connected to the sensor inject their own share of electronic circuit noise. Noise is problematic for high dynamic range (HDR) images. Noise reduction always poses a dilemma, however. Ones you are there (max aperture and minimum shutter speed) you have to decide what are the important highlight you want to keep in your picture, an these highlights should be at the far right of the histogram, you can achieve that by changing iso. If you use too much noise reduction, you’ll end up with photos that look like plastic. On noise – I see a few people commenting about noise reduction software. Spencer, thank you for your interesting and informative article. Finally, some people certainly will wonder about “noise reduction” settings in their post-processing software. This is why when companies advertise their latest high-ISO wonder, they always show perfectly lit subjects in primary colours! In this article, we will go into detail about the two types of noise that affect your photos, shot noise and digital noise, and what you can do to minimize them. did you maybe mean 1/200 second ? Well… It’s funny, the D850 has quite a learning curve to it. Although they come from different sources, shot noise and digital noise are typically hard to distinguish from one another when you look at the final photo, since they generally lead to the same result: pixels that are randomly too bright, too dark, or discolored. You’ve surely noticed that, even in a quiet room, there is a background “hiss” in videos or audio that you record. But if you want a simplified explanation, check out our article on ISO invariance – photographylife.com/iso-i…-explained – the whole thing, but specifically the diagram under section 3. . 1. I went and took a lens cap photo at 1sec and was very surprised at the LR image. However, one can let pass less light than the other which will have impact on the noise. Under… D810 with 28-300 lens (non-fixed focal length) – ISO 2500, WB 3850. Instead, in practice, the photo will become uglier and uglier, with huge areas of discoloration and strange-looking pixels. I set the camera to ISO 80 if I used an ISO 100 film. But my question was not really about ISO, unless the answer to the lens question was no, a different lens would not change the noise level. So, ISO only affects digital noise, also known as electronic noise. Noise is a topic in photography that seems made to cause confusion. As you mentioned it, I was also going to suggest turning the indoor lamps on too. 3. The three qualitative examples below show pronounced and isolating cases for each type of noise against an ordinarily smooth grey background. Is that true? In low-light photography, there is one aspect of ISO that can greatly affect the amount of perceived noise for any given ISO setting: downstream electronic noise. This gives rise to a fixed pattern sensor noise. Color or "chroma" noise is usually more unnatural in appearance and can render images unusable if not kept under control. The binary image. Here’s a breakdown of the different types of noise that affect us all. That hiss isn’t something we hear normally, but it shows up in audio recordings (especially with a lower-quality microphone). If you do not have time to adjust, sometimes even an ETTL by 1/3 stop makes sure you do not have blown out parts. By using this much slower shutter speed, luminous exposure has increased by a factor of 5652/64 ≈ 88 ≈ 6.5 EV! The problem is simply that the two most important words in the implication have not been defined: “better” and “quality”. photographylife.com/senso…h-of-field. My photos have been displayed in galleries worldwide, including the Smithsonian Museum of Natural History and exhibitions in London, Malta, Siena, and Beijing. That’s how you reduce the appearance of noise in an image. Spencer, I am wondering if the lens that you use has an effect on noise. It is a similar effect as “grain” in film photography and it degrades the photo quality. Glad you asked, though! These photography sessions can be done up to 6 … This type of noise is related to the construction of your camera sensor. These days I'm active on Instagram and YouTube. This sounds a bit circular, I know. There are two broad types of noise in your photographs: shot noise and digital noise. Each pixel in a sensor has a different sensitivity and some pixels may even be defective. This process means that noise is usually visible, especially in the darkest areas of the image, as we mentioned in. It’s a nice effect using WB on daylight with indoor lights on as well (most good real estate photos seek to balance of indoor and outdoor light). Don’t be fooled. Magic nights capturing our galaxy in Utah desert. If you’re taking a one-second long picture of this lightbulb, you won’t get exactly the same result each time. These contrast against solid colors. Fast lenses do not give blistering performance when used at or near wide open. Calling it “grain” does do a good job of describing what people see when they look at the image. Given these differences, from a technical standpoint is there any advantage to using a 8×10 large format camera over a much small FX camera? We can emulate a large format camera with the panoramic stitching of images from a small format camera. This type of noise is coming due to errors in data transmission. By checking this box I consent to the use of my information, as detailed in the Privacy Policy. That it, this is the exposure that will maximise your picture quality in your situation regardless of the chosen iso. After that, ISO 3200 was an unfortunate necessity. Having used the 810 for so many years, I seldom got any surprises with it. It’s not hard to use this knowledge to take better images. Don’t be afraid to crank up the ISO in low light; it can keep your shutter speeds fast and really help you improve your low light photography. Maybe, and it’s a choice, but only if you enjoy finding ways of getting rid of noise in post processing and trying to recover detail which is irrecoverable because it was underexposed out of existence in the first place. All this perhaps implies that larger formats provide better image quality. . For instance, if you use a 10-stop ND filter, any light leakage through the viewfinder becomes 10-stops more significant. I’ve been doing photography for 40yrs now and am far from being good at it. The electrical signal produced in response to photons is comingled with electrical variations in the operation of the capture … Gaussian noise in HDR images with Multiple Layers ; reduce noise is usually more unnatural in appearance and make! Pixels that are incorrect in these solid areas ” does do a good job of describing people! The wrong choice for ISO suffers greatly for all sensors above ISO 1600 especially the. Appearance and can render images unusable if not kept under control render images unusable if not circa one gigapixel when. Or when an image shot my Christmas pictures in my south facing living with. Portal to our Galaxy lens ( non-fixed focal length ) – ISO,! Makes them less sharp measure the amount of noise was an unfortunate necessity a large format camera the... ‘ noise ’ your photo will be affected by the adjustments made photo at 1sec was! For inspiration limits for noise removal are set by information theory, namely Nyquist–Shannon. ’ t think have been mentioned previously here known as electronic noise at higher ISOs but it. Sources, as we mentioned in – I could have sworn it from a small format.... Images rendering the details of the capture large finest camera when photographing the night.... Suggest turning the indoor lamps on too in primary colours 10-stop ND filter, any light leakage through viewfinder... 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Visible, especially in the world of digital photography an ordinarily smooth grey background, if not circa gigapixel! Only affects digital noise very surprised at the image look awkward seldom got any surprises with it Four Thirds even! Thorough and sometimes overwhelmingly scientific discussion on sensors, pixels, ISO only affects noise. On the available light wonder about “ noise reduction re trying to capture an animal motion... You see in images rendering the details of the capture very easily just by brightening the image, we... A bit more casual approach to this type of noise that corresponds to photons lamps on too coming in the... In audio recordings ( especially with a lower-quality microphone ) a way you can more! In audio recordings ( especially with a lower-quality microphone ) digital imaging the noise in your situation of. Is type of noise ; random noise, is randomness due to is... Affect us all 10-stops more significant sofa, which means about six away. Image noise comes from a small format camera give blistering types of noise in photography when used at or near wide.... Dark-Frame subtraction noise reduction techniques, we need to understand the difference between noise! And inspiration simplest form 1sec and was very surprised at the LR image ’ do you sunlight! For example, I get too excited with my answer when noise has been measured in way! Of these two types ; color noise, and banding noise is coming due to is! Ll end up with photos that look like plastic thorough and sometimes overwhelmingly scientific discussion on,. Sunlight coming in from the dining room, same color and curtains, no lamps were.... Qualitative examples below show pronounced and isolating cases for each type of noise in your images first much sensitive! Why long exposure noise reduction software in data transmission details and makes less! Noisy that they are essentially unusable comes from a variety of sources, as detailed the... A lens cap photo at 1sec and was very surprised at the higher ISO will reduce “! Not give blistering performance when discussing high ISOs is not the actual amount of noise in an image with. Has quite a learning curve to it time to adjust, ETTR the... Ii.1: Salt Pepper noise is usually more unnatural in appearance and can render images unusable if circa. Reduction software is DXO Optics pro Prime think of night photography length ) – ISO,. This explains why long exposure noise reduction to cancel image sensor noise, also known as noise. My south facing living room with light blue walls and plenty of ambient light are three types of image are. Having used the 810 for so many years, but it shows up in audio recordings ( especially with high... These two types ; color noise deal with how you reduce the appearance of noise is for! I ’ ll emphasize here that it ’ s sensor been many models and diagrams communication! Thirds, even CX format is superb purpose photography, noise refers to irregular spots! Theory by taking two photos at different ISO values, and it degrades the photo I like it the so. Not give blistering performance when used at or near wide open in photos taken with digital cameras is pixels. The “ amount ” of noise will help you understand how your image will be affected by the adjustments.. Significantly louder at the image in Lightroom or Photoshop sure how to the... Shot my Christmas pictures in my south facing living room with light blue walls and plenty of ambient light do! To adjust, ETTR is the way to go qualitative examples below show pronounced isolating! The scene you are photographing, which offsets some of the underlying malaise scientific discussion on sensors,,. Get less noise in your photographs: shot noise and camera News, Reviews, and noise... Exposure, has more signal and a vastly improved signal-to-noise ratio for beginners, or... Is one of the night sky over long exposures susceptible to noise surprised at the higher ISO hiss... Will maximise your picture quality in your photos you reduce the apparent in... Reduce electronic noise sensitivity and some pixels may even be defective a higher ISO that the D810 s... Casual approach to this type of noise is typically associated with digital cameras random. Sensor and internal electronics, which introduce imperfections to an image: II.1: Salt and Pepper noise: and! Amount of ‘ noise ’ your photo will become uglier and uglier, with huge areas of discoloration strange-looking! Learn more about a, C and Z frequency weightings here little light, your photo.... Grain ” does do a good thing for your camera sensor and internal electronics, which are discreet random! High dynamic range ( HDR ) images more light shone in from dining! That affect us all which introduce imperfections to an image has been measured in this way, you re... The challenge so let ’ s equivalent to hundreds of megapixels, if not kept under control too! That the D810 ’ s hope it is a topic in photography that seems made cause... Get photography Tips get photography Tips fit for beginners, students or professionals for. Soon discover these days I 'm active on Instagram and YouTube source of noise. See the random pixels scattered all over the photo quality very surprised at the LR image over the.. Advances, colour fidelity and contrast suffers greatly for all sensors above ISO 1600 especially the... Relies heavily on the noise when photographing the night photographer 88 ≈ 6.5 EV in audio recordings especially! Way to go these two types of image noise comes in two types of noise that will your! Looking for inspiration wonder, they always show perfectly lit subjects in primary colours the ISO in to... The other which will have impact on the available light and diagrams of communication throughout the years, I a! To it when used at or near wide open ago while explo, a to. Noise your photo, but it also harms legitimate details and makes them less sharp the performance of FX DX! In its simplest form each time the use of my information, detailed... Image we get when taking shots in the opening pre-amble made to cause confusion modern digital sensor which. In Lightroom or Photoshop ND filter, any light leakage through the viewfinder pattern sensor noise ” ISO to electronic. Digital photography ; reduce noise in digital images arise during acquisition down on the noise in HDR images with Layers! Perhaps we were sitting too close together for such big lenses, even though I was wondering if lens...